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北京师范大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (3): 82-91.

• 教育高质量发展研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

义务教育阶段的科学教育:关键问题与对策建议

田伟1, 辛涛1, 胡卫平1,2   

  1. 1.北京师范大学 中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心, 北京 100875
    2.陕西师范大学 现代教学技术教育部重点实验室, 西安 710062
  • 出版日期:2021-05-25 发布日期:2021-09-01
  • 通讯作者: 辛涛,E-mail:xintao@bnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:辛涛, 心理学博士, 北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心教授。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题“多水平认知诊断模型:大规模教育评估中的个体和群体诊断”(CCA150160)。

Science Education in Compulsory Education: Key Problems and Countermeasures

TIAN Wei1, XIN Tao1, HU Weiping1,2   

  1. 1. Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, BNU, Beijing 100875
    2. Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
  • Online:2021-05-25 Published:2021-09-01

摘要: 义务教育阶段的科学教育事关创新型国家建设。在我国加快建设创新型国家, 推进经济高质量发展之际, 义务教育阶段科学教育的现实图景是:课时基本保障但未开足开好, 教师队伍学历水平提升但专业素质缺乏, 探究实验教学成效显著但实施程度低, 实验教学资源基本配置但利用率低。新时期, 义务教育阶段的科学教育深入发展面临学科育人价值难为、政策目标执行偏离、优质师资供给与配置难度大、探究实验教学实施的条件保障与内驱力不足四个关键问题。对标党中央全面提高义务教育质量的战略部署, 为了全面培养学生的创新精神与实践能力, 亟需推动义务教育阶段科学教育的深层次变革, 将学科育人制度设计作为基本保障|将提升政策目标执行水平作为根本遵循|将优化优质师资资源供给与配置作为优先事项|将改善探究实验教学作为关键环节。

关键词: 义务教育, 科学教育, 关键问题, 对策建议, 教育政策

Abstract: Science education in the stage of compulsory education is closely related to the construction of an innovative country. At the time of speeding up the construction of an innovative country and promoting high-quality economic development, the real situation of science education in compulsory education is as follows: class hours are basically guaranteed but far from enough and superb| teachers' academic level is improved but their professional quality is lacking| experimental teaching has gained remarkable accomplishments but with low degree of implementation| experiment teaching resources are generally allocated but with low utilization rate. In the new era, the in-depth development of science education in compulsory education is faced with four key problems: the value of discipline education is hard to achieve, the implementation of policy objectives is deviated, the supply and allocation of high-quality teachers are difficult, and the condition guarantee as well as internal driving force of the implementation of experimental teaching are insufficient. According to the strategic plan of the Party Central Committee to enhance the quality of compulsory education in an all-round way, for the sake of realizing the goal of cultivating comprehensively students' innovative spirit and practical capacity, it is urgent to promote the deep-seated reform of science education in the compulsory education stage. We should take the design of discipline education system as the basic guarantee, improvement in the implementation level of policy objectives as the fundamental rule, optimization of the supply and allocation of high-quality teacher resources as the priority, and amelioration of experiment teaching as the pivotal link.

Key words: compulsory education, science education, key problems, countermeasures and suggestions, education policy

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