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北京师范大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (3): 113-128.

• 语言文字学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

从《诗经》四等相押看古韵主元音分布和介音分类

黄易青, 胡佳佳   

  1. 北京师范大学 民俗典籍文字研究中心、中国文字整理与规范研究中心, 北京 100875
  • 出版日期:2021-05-25 发布日期:2021-09-01
  • 作者简介:黄易青, 文学博士, 北京师范大学民俗典籍文字研究中心、中国文字整理与规范研究中心教授。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金冷门绝学研究专项团队项目“中国训诂学的理论总结与现代转型”(20VJXT015)。

Distribution of Main Vowels and Classification of Medials of Old Chinese from the View of Four Division of Rhymes in The Book of Songs

HUANG Yiqing, HU Jiajia   

  1. Research Center for Folklore, Classics and Chinese Characters, Research Center for Sorting and Standardization of Chinese Characters, BNU, Beijing 100875, China
  • Online:2021-05-25 Published:2021-09-01

摘要: 现代古音研究中, 研究和构拟上古元音和介音, 主要是根据对音、方音、域外译音、反切等这些主要用来研究中古音的材料, 而往上古推|《诗经》韵文主要用来研究上古音分部。但诗韵尽可能追求韵母的和谐, 可以反映元音和介音的信息。通过建立《诗经》押韵数据库, 统计分析全诗4540个必韵句、1695个韵段中, 四等七类韵字的相押情况, 比较分析相押反映的七类之间的远近疏密关系, 可以从中获得古韵部主元音分布和介音分类及其关系的信息。

关键词: 《诗经》, 古音, 四等, 古方音, 重纽, 元音, 介音

Abstract: In modern researches of old Chinese phonology, the exploration and reconstruction of ancient Chinese vowels and medials are mainly based on materials for medieval times, including phonetics, dialects, foreign transliteration and Fanqie, and then trace back to the earlier time. The Book of Songs has been only used to study rhyme categories (Yunbu) of old Chinese, other than vowels and medials. However, rhymes in The Book of Songs, which pursue the harmony of vowels and medials, can also reflect the nature of them. This paper builds a database to analyze rhymes of The Book of Songs. There are altogether 4540 must-rhymed sentences in 1695 rhymed sections. The rhymed characters can be divided into seven groups according to Four Division (classification of finals in Chinese phonology). By comparing similarities and differences between groups reflected by the co-occurrence frequency of them in the same rhymed sections, we can know the distribution of main vowels, the classification of medials and their relations of old Chinese rhyme categories.

Key words: The Book of Songs, old Chinese phonology, Four Division, ancient Chinese dialect, Chongniu, vowels, medials

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