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北京师范大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (2): 32-40.

• 心理研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

专家—教练—教师相结合的创伤干预模式的建构——基于汶川地震后心理援助的经验

林崇德1,伍新春1,陈秋燕2,田雨馨1   

  1. 1.北京师范大学 发展心理研究院,心理学部,应用实验心理北京市重点实验室,心理学国家级实验教学示范中心, 北京 100875;
    2. 西南民族大学 社会学与心理学学院,成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-15 出版日期:2018-04-20 发布日期:2019-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 林崇德,E-mail:linchongde@263.net
  • 基金资助:
    教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“灾后中小学生心理疏导研究”(08J2D0026)。

The Construction and Evaluation of Expert-Coach-Teacher Collaboration Model as a New Trauma Intervention Approach

LIN Chong-de1, WU Xin-chun1, CHEN Qiu-yan2, TIAN Yu-xin1   

  1. 1.Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education,
    Faculty of Psychology, BNU, Beijing 100875;2. School of Sociology and Psychology,
    Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2017-12-15 Online:2018-04-20 Published:2019-06-20

摘要: “5·12”汶川特大地震发生之后,来自社会各界的灾后心理援助工作对学生的心理康复起到了一定的支持与帮助作用,但对这些心理援助工作进行回顾与总结时发现,相关的心理干预都忽略了教师在学校心理重建工作中的重要作用。教师与中小学生朝夕相处,是灾后学校重建和学生心理健康维护的重要力量。为此,本课题组基于我国灾后学校工作的现实情况,以学生帮助计划、教练技术、教师作为治疗师的干预理念为理论基础,以促进教师心理疏导能力为核心目标,创建了一套完整的灾后心理疏导的教师培训体系,即专家—教练—教师相整合的创伤干预模式。这一模式有力地促进了灾后心理疏导的长久开展,并在之后的灾后干预与援助工作中得到了较好的应用与推广,对灾后教师及学生的心理健康发展具有重要意义。

关键词: 汶川地震, 专家, 教师, 教练, 创伤干预

Abstract: When reviewing the past post-disaster interventions, the researchers found that the role of teachers as a key factor in those interventions was not identified. Teachers as students' mentors and chaperons, they play a critical role in the reconstruction of post-disaster schools and the students' mental health. This research, therefore, situated in post-disaster schools in China, created a systematic post-disaster psychological intervention model for teacher training—a trauma intervention model of expert-coach- teacher collaboration. This model which integrated three factors of teacher as therapist (TAT), student assistance plan (SAP) and coaching as theoretical evidence to promote the teacher's ability of psychological counseling. It was proved that this model effectively promoted the long-term development of post-disaster psychological intervention and has been well applied in other post-disaster aid work, such as Yushu earthquake, Ya'an earthquake and Ludian earthquake. It is of great significance to the psychological health development of post-disaster teachers and students.

Key words: Wenchuan earthquake, expert, coach, teacher, trauma intervention

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