关键词: 韩非子, 柏拉图, 正义, 个人与国家

Abstract: The thought of Han Feizi is constantly assumed as “harsh and ungrateful”:he identified the relationship of kinsfolk as a matter of interest,treated the losers unconcernedly,and stressed more that people who governed should not be interfered by their private sentiment.The inexorableness of Han Feizi was because he had been aware of the harmful influence of people's private sentiment and interests,so he tried to expel them from the public domain completely.Plato had not only abolished the institution of family and private property but also advocated the communion of women,children and property among the defenders,which could be seen as the completely deny of the family bond,love and friendship.In consensus with Han Feizi's,Plato's inexorableness was to get rid of the damage of private sentiment and interests to social justice.In order to reconstruct justice in a disordered and unjust era,they both emphasized that the public interest was superior to the private interest.Therefore,individuals might be firmly controlled by the state,which inevitably ted to the instrumentalization of individuals.Their thoughts also had some differences,as Han Feizi believed that “the institutions should change along with the times”,so the relation of state and individual could probably change when the state was in perfect conditions,in which the individual was taken as an aim while the state as a tool.Based on the partition of “two worlds” and Idea Theory,Plato considered that the ideal polis should not change,so the relation of state and individual would not change,either.The similarity of their thoughts indicated that,either in China or in the West,people who shared the same mind would give alike solutions to the alike problems of times based on the same human nature,while their differences exhibited the fundamental diversity between ancient China ideology and ancient Greek philosophy.

Key words: Han Feizi, Plato, justice, the state and the individual