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北京师范大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (2): 38-47.

• 心理研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

积极资源和压力风险对农村青少年幸福感的累积效应

王晖, 刘霞   

  1. 北京师范大学 发展心理研究院,北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-07 出版日期:2020-03-25 发布日期:2020-12-07
  • 通讯作者: 刘霞,E-mail: liuxia@bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目“家庭忽视对留守青少年自伤行为的影响:基于环境—基因—脑的系统视角”(31900772)。

Cumulative Effects of Protective and Risk Factors on Rural Adolescents' Subjective Well-being

WANG Hui, LIU Xia   

  1. Institute of Developmental Psychology,BNU,Beijing 100875,China
  • Received:2019-11-07 Online:2020-03-25 Published:2020-12-07

摘要: 在决胜全面建成小康社会的关键阶段,关注农村青少年群体的主观幸福感状况、分析提升其主观幸福感的相关因素和机制有着重要的意义。基于贵州农村1274名初一和初二学生为对象的追踪研究,考察了积极资源和压力风险对农村青少年当前和半年后主观幸福感的累积效应及其作用模式。结果表明:(1)半数以上的农村青少年拥有较低数量的积极资源,面临着中等程度的压力风险。(2)积极资源和压力风险对农村青少年当前主观幸福感的各项指标均具有显著累积效应。其中,累积资源主要以非线性的正加速模式发挥作用;累积风险以线性模式发挥作用。(3)积极资源和压力风险对农村青少年半年后主观幸福感仍然具有显著累积效应,并且均以线性模式发挥作用。以上结果提示:在提升农村青少年主观幸福感的干预实践中要重视多因素的累积作用,既要关注和缓解个体所面临的多种压力风险,又要注重其多领域积极发展资源的建构。此外,对于当前幸福感,结果显示构建积极资源的作用要比减少压力风险的作用更为迅速,表明有效提升农村青少年幸福感的关键是及时构建积极的资源支撑体系。

关键词: 积极资源, 压力风险, 主观幸福感, 累积效应, 农村青少年

Abstract: In the crucial stage of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-around way,it is of great significance to pay attention to the subjective well-being of rural adolescents and analyze the relevant factors and mechanisms to improve their subjective well-being.In this research,1274 participants of the 7th and 8th grade were recruited from four middle schools in rural areas in Guizhou Province,China.By using two-wave longitudinal data with an interval of 6 months,the current study examined the cumulative impact of protective factors and risk factors on rural adolescents' subjective well-being.The results of the study are listed as follows.First,half of rural adolescents have low levels of protective factors and are at moderate degree of risk factors.Second,protective factors and risk factors both have significant cumulative effects on the indexes of the current subjective well-being of the rural adolescents.It is noteworthy that the effect of the cumulative protective factors is displayed in a nonlinear pattern,while the risk factors in a linear pattern.Third,protective factors and risk factors have significant cumulative effects on the indexes of the subjective well-being of the rural adolescents after the 6-month period and both are displayed in a linear pattern.The above results suggest that the cumulative effect of multiple factors should be emphasized in the intervention to improve the subjective well-being of rural adolescents,which requires the attention to and alleviation of the multiple stress risks faced by individuals,as well as that to constructing resources for active development in multiple fields.In addition,the results also show that constructing protective resources has a more rapid effect on improving the current well-being than reducing the risk of stress,indicating that the key to effective improvement of the rural adolescents' well-being is to construct a positive resource support system in a timely manner.

Key words: protective factors, risk factors, subjective well-being, cumulative effects, rural adolescents

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