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北京师范大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (3): 130-139.

• 哲学反思 • 上一篇    下一篇

“信心”与“言心”—思考王、湛之别的一个维度

张慕良   

  1. 吉林大学 哲学社会学院,长春 130012
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-25 发布日期:2020-12-11
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重点项目“《大学》解释史研究”(16AZX008),吉林大学横向项目“儒家思想的中庸智慧”,吉林大学前沿与交叉学科创新项目“蕺山学与湛学关系研究”。

The Speaking and Faith of “Xin”:A research dimension of the difference between the thoughts of WANG Yangming and ZHAN Ganquan

ZHANG Muliang   

  1. School of Philosophy and Sociology,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China
  • Received:2019-10-25 Published:2020-12-11

摘要: 当前学界对王阳明与湛甘泉思想之间的关系研究多留于文化层面,而缺少对于二人思想的学理实质考察。这就导致了在追问二人所理解“心”、“良知”、“天理”等之间差别的究竟为何上的“语焉不详”。鉴于此,本文拟从二人谈“心”之处为切入点,来考察二人理学思维的建构模式,以求对二人思想之别给出学理上的解释。概言之,王、湛二人面对朱子理学所留下的“心”、“理”二分问题,是分别将“心”作为哲学立场而落于生存实在中以“体察”“天理”的模式求其“所存”和将“心”通过语言建构为实体的以知识形式统摄“心”、“理”的答其“所是”。对王、湛之别的学理考察于合理理解宋明理学研究中的诸多问题提供了借鉴性思考。

关键词: 心性, 朱子, 孟子, 王阳明, 湛甘泉

Abstract: The current studies on the relationship between WANG Yangming's and ZHAN Ganquan's thoughts are mostly at the cultural and historical level,but lack of a comparative study of their theoretical essence,which led to no “explicable” answer to the question:what is the essential difference between the two thinkers’ understanding on “xin”,“liangzhi”,and “tianli”? In order to answer it,this paper investigates the construction mode of their philosophical thinking from their understanding on the “xin”,and following this method to present a theoretical explanation of the different thoughts of the two thinkers.In short,WANG and ZHAN responded to the theoretical defects of ZHU Xi's philosophy in various aspects.WANG considered the “xin” as a philosophical stand and focused on what its reality in existence is,in order to answer the question where the “li” is in the mode of observing the supreme “li” in mind,whereas,ZHAN defined the “xin” as an ontological concept and combined “xin” and “li” in his knowledge to answer the question what the “li” is.A clear distinction between them may provide a valuable reference for the studies on many academic topics in Neo-Confucianism.

Key words: xin-xing, ZHU Xi, Mencius, WANG Yangming, ZHAN Ganquan

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