究竟是yārghū还是“钩考”？——阿蓝答儿钩考的制度渊源探微

北京师范大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (1): 80-87.

究竟是yārghū还是“钩考”？——阿蓝答儿钩考的制度渊源探微

周思成

中共中央党史和文献研究院,北京 100017

发布日期:2021-02-07
作者简介:周思成,历史学博士,中共中央党史和文献研究院副编审。
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金重大项目“13—14世纪波斯文蒙古史史料搜集与研究”(17ZDA191)。

Yārghū Judiciary or “Fiscal Audit”:A study of judicial institutional origin of Alandar investigation

ZHOU Sicheng

Party History and Literature Academy of CPC Central Committee,Beijing 100872,China

Published:2021-02-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 蒙哥汗统治时期对忽必烈封地发动的“阿蓝答儿钩考”是大蒙古国时期的重大政治事件,它通常被认为是蒙古本位主义的“保守派”以打击倾向汉化的忽必烈势力为目的而发动的财政审计(理算、会计)。然而,仔细考察其制度渊源不难看出,这次“钩考”与唐宋传统的“勾覆”制度鲜有共同之处,而更接近蒙古断事官的yārghū司法,所谓“钩考局”不过是yārghū法庭的别称。“阿蓝答儿钩考”其实是大蒙古国权力中枢对忽必烈藩府在河南、陕西等处任命的诸司官员发动的贪污税赋和渎职的司法调查程序。大蒙古国的断事官集团在这场蒙哥与忽必烈之间的权力斗争中扮演了极为关键的角色。

关键词: 阿蓝答儿钩考, 财政审计, 札鲁忽赤, 蒙古法

Abstract: During the reign of Möngke Khan,the investigation in Kublai Khan's fief,led by Alandar,was a major political event in Mongol Empire.It was deemed as a fiscal audit taken by Mongolian conservatives who stressed the importance of native elements to curb the rising power of Kublai Khan who supported Han culture.However,in terms of its institutional origin,this event differed from traditional fiscal audit or public financial supervision in Tang or Song dynasty,and in contrast,it revealed many characteristics of yārghū judiciary led by the Mongolian judges called Jarghuchis.In this way,the so-called fiscal audit institution was actually the yārghū court.Alandar investigation served as a judicial procedure through which the central government examined possible corruption and misconduct of high-ranking officials appointed by Kublai Khan’ s vassals within Henan and Shanxi.Jarghuchis of Mongol Empire played a crucial role in this political conflict between Möngke and Kublai.

Key words: Alandar examination, fiscal audit, yarghu tribunal, Mongolian judiciary

中图分类号:

K247

周思成. 究竟是yārghū还是“钩考”？——阿蓝答儿钩考的制度渊源探微[J]. 北京师范大学学报(社会科学版), 2021, 0(1): 80-87.

ZHOU Sicheng. Yārghū Judiciary or “Fiscal Audit”:A study of judicial institutional origin of Alandar investigation[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences), 2021, 0(1): 80-87.