关键词: 心理健康, 监测, 儿童青少年, 美国

Abstract: Mental health monitoring is of great significance to the identification and promotion of mental health of children and adolescents,and is the focus of current education work in China.The mental health monitoring of children and adolescents started early and developed rapidly in the United States.In the 60 years from 1960 to now,it has gone through four stages:pre-monitoring stage,death and risk behavior monitoring stage,comprehensive mental health monitoring stage,and psychological neuroscience integration stage.Covering 11 monitoring projects,it has developed a more comprehensive monitoring framework.The monitoring framework contains rich indicators,which can be divided into two parts:mental health and the influencing factors of mental health.The mental health includes more than 60 indicators of mental disorders,emotional and behavioral problems,and positive mental health.The influencing factors of mental health include more than 50 kinds of risk and protective factors at individual,domestic,and social levels.At the same time,the monitoring tools are highly mature and the monitoring system is highly technological.The rich experience of the United States in this field provides good reference and inspiration for us China to improve the framework design over time,strengthen the depth and breadth of monitoring indicators and develop monitoring tools.

Key words: mental health, monitoring, children and adolescents, the United States