Abstract: The tradition-modernity theory and impact-response theory are usually seen as the mainstream of modern new historiography. However, both modernization and revolutionary history paradigms concentrate on modernity which regards contradictions and conflicts between ancient and modern, China and the West as the main aspects. In contrast, as one of the masterpieces of historiography during anti-Japanese War, QIAN Mu's The Outline of National History answers realistic questions with historical thinking, and advocates to maintain and continue Chinese historical tradition, which makes complementary achievement. This is largely attributed to the unique perspective and rationale of the book. Firstly, it reviews Chinese historical traditions based on culture: China's vitality lies in its culture, and the modern China still needs to seek breakthroughs at the basis of developing its inherent cultural traditions. Secondly, it explains Chinese history from the perspective of integration: Chinese culture has grown through integration and becomes long lasting through fusion, which relies on culture rather than force. Modern China is still in the process of accepting critically foreign cultures and developing rapidly. The Outline of National History refutes the voice of “Stagnant China”, “Authoritarian China”, “Feudalistic China”, demonstrates China's tradition of unification, peace and the constant tendency towards equalization. It has inspired the patriotism of Chinese people and strengthened their belief of wining in anti-Japanese War. The rational of this book in addressing problems provides enlightenment for people nowadays.

Key words: QIAN Mu, The Outline of National History, pragmatism, culture centered, historical theory