Abstract: Optimizing the precise supply of universal childcare services is a significant measure to alleviate structural supply-demand contradictions and reduce the burdens of childbirth,child-rearing,and education on families. According to the Theory of Supply and Demand Adaptability,starting from the precise identification of demand,17 demand elements of universal childcare services are determined in 4 dimensions,namely,relevance,adaptability,quality,and accessibility. Based on the Kano model,the differential demands of parents of children under 3 years of age for universal childcare services have been analyzed,and the demand differences among families hesitant to use childcare services,families planning to use childcare services,and families currently using services,have been revealed. The supply priority order of universal childcare service elements has been determined according to the demand identification results. The results reveal that parents generally attach importance to the quantity of universal childcare places,comprehensive service quality,convenient service distance and reasonable service price. There are differences in the urgency of demands for various universal childcare service elements among different types of families:Hesitant families emphasize the scale of childcare places and service prices,planning families focus on integrating childcare with kindergarten,and families currently using services emphasize service quality and teachers. Universal childcare services should achieve precise supply from four aspects:precise identification of demands,precise coordination of structure,precise enhancement of service quality,and precise accessibility of service delivery.

Key words: universal childcare services, precise supply, demand identification, the Kano model