非研发创新与地区生产率——基于空间面板计量模型的分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 非研发创新的作用在现有研究中很少涉及,但对于发展中经济体来说,其作用是至关重要的,是企业提升竞争力的重要手段。基于2006-2015年的地区数据,利用空间面板计量模型对非研发创新之于中国地区生产率影响的经验研究发现,不同支出用途的非研发创新所起到的作用是不同的:技术改造和技术吸收能力对地区生产率的提升是至关重要的,甚至超过了研发创新所起到的作用;国外技术引进也起到正向作用,但这种作用不是很大,国内的技术引进与地区生产率变化不相关。从研发创新和非研发创新交乘项估计结果来看,在东、中部地区,研发投入对技术改造促进生产率的增长起到了明显提升作用,但在西部地区,却起到了相反的作用。此外,研发投入在东部地区加强了技术引进对生产率的促进作用,但在西部地区却由于对技术引进产生了挤出,阻碍了技术引进作用的发挥。对于消化吸收来说,在三个地区,研发投入都加强了消化吸收对地区生产率的促进作用。因此,对于我国政府来说,要积极重视非研发创新的作用,把对非研发创新活动纳入到政府监测范围内,针对非研发创新活动的支持,要有所侧重,要特别重视技术改造和消化吸收的作用,同时在研发创新投入和非研发创新投入的资金支持政策上,不同地区要采取不同的措施,避免一刀切的做法。

关键词: 非研发创新, 地区生产率, 空间计量模型

Abstract: As one of the most important means to enhance enterprise competitiveness, Non-R&D (research and development) innovation is crucial for economic development, but it is rarely concerned in present studies. Based on the regional data from 2006 to 2015 in China, this paper studies its impact on regional productivity by applying the spatial panel econometric model, and the results show that different types of non-R&D innovation play different roles in regional productivity. Technological upgrading and absorptive capacities are proved to be more crucial for improving regional productivity than R&D innovation. Foreign technology import also plays a positive role, though with insignificant effect, while domestic technology import is irrelevant with the changing regional productivity. According to the results of the intersection of R&D and non-R&D innovation, the R&D input accelerates the productivity growth in the eastern and central regions, but decelerates in the western region. In addition, R&D investment has strengthened the productivity growth by means of technology introduction in the eastern region, but this introduction faces crowding-out in the western region, which hinders productivity improvement. R&D investments in these three regions have all enhanced the positive influence of technology absorption on regional productivity. Therefore, the government should attach importance to non-R&D innovation, monitor the scope, support it, and stress on the functions of technological transformation and absorption. At the same time, it also should take different measures on the R&D and non-R&D innovation investments in different regions in avoid of the one-size-fits-all approach.

Key words: non-R&, D innovation, regional productivity, spatial econometric model

中图分类号:

F061.1

朱娟, 李永发. 非研发创新与地区生产率——基于空间面板计量模型的分析[J]. 北京师范大学学报(社会科学版), 2019, 0(4): 147-160.

ZHU Juan, LI Yongfa. Non-R&D Innovation and Regional Productivity: An analysis based on spatial panel econometric model[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences), 2019, 0(4): 147-160.

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