欢迎访问《北京师范大学学报》(社会科学版),今天是

北京师范大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (2): 60-67.

• 语言文字 • 上一篇    下一篇

论汉语词汇语法化与用字变化的互动关系

李运富1, 孙倩2   

  1. 1.汉字文明传承传播与教育研究中心、郑州大学文学院,郑州 450001;
    2.北京师范大学 文学院,北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-25 出版日期:2020-03-25 发布日期:2020-12-07
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目“‘古今字’资料库建设及相关专题研究”(13&ZD129),河南省高校哲学社会科学创新团队“汉字理论与汉字史”(2018-CXTD-03)。

The Interaction between Vocabulary Grammaticalization and Character Evolution in Chinese

LI Yunfu1, SUN Qian2   

  1. 1. Research Center for the Inheritance Dissemination and Education of the Chinese Characters Civilization,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001;
    2. School of Chinese Language and Literature,BNU 100875,China
  • Received:2019-07-25 Online:2020-03-25 Published:2020-12-07

摘要: 汉语字词之间存在比较固定的对应关系,如果一方发生变化,另一方往往会受到影响。汉语词汇语法化与用字变化就具有这样的互动关系。语法化对词语用字变化的影响表现在:词汇意义的磨损可使记录字形的表义成分逐渐赘余,从而发生减省或音化现象;语音弱化可能引起词语用字的更换调整;语法意义的增强可滋生具有别词作用的专用字。用字变化对词汇语法化也有促进或促退的作用,包括促使词义或读音弱化、推动新词新义派生、凸显和固化语法化功能、导致反向词汇化等。用字变化也可能掩盖语法化真相,给文本解读和语法化研究带来干扰。因此,研究汉语词汇语法化相关问题,应该适当重视有关词语的用字变化。

关键词: 语法化, 用字变化, 字词关系, 互动

Abstract: There is a relatively fixed correspondence between Chinese characters and words,and one change affects the other.A similar interaction exists between vocabulary grammaticalization and character evolution in Chinese,and the influence of vocabulary grammaticalization on the change of Chinese characters are illustrated in the following aspects:first,the semantic components of Chinese characters become redundant gradually with the recession of lexical meaning,leading to the phenomena of reduction and sonification;second,the reinforcement of grammatical meaning breeds specially-used Chinese characters with the function of distinguishing words;third,Chinese characters used to record certain words can be replaced and adjusted under the influence of sonification.On the other hand,the evolution of Chinese characters can either promote or hinder vocabulary grammaticalization,including accelerating the reduction of word meanings and pronunciations,promoting the derivation of new words and meanings,highlighting and solidifying the grammaticalization function,and leading to reverse lexicalization,etc.The evolution of Chinese characters may cover the truth of vocabulary grammaticalization,which brings interference to the study of text interpretation and grammaticalization.Therefore,attention should be paid to the evolution of Chinese characters when issues of the vocabulary grammaticalization are studied.

Key words: vocabulary grammaticalization, the evolution of Chinese characters, relationships between Chinese characters and words, interaction.

中图分类号: