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北京师范大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (2): 68-74.

• 语言文字 • 上一篇    下一篇

论字词考据的效度——以清人考据笔记为例

符渝1, 齐元涛2   

  1. 1.对外经济贸易大学 中文学院,北京 100029;
    2.北京师范大学 民俗典籍文字研究中心,北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-08 出版日期:2020-03-25 发布日期:2020-12-07
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“乾嘉《左传》训诂考据笔记整理与研究”(18YJA740013)。

Validity of Textual Research on Words: Taking textual research notes in the Qing Dynasty as an example

FU Yu1, QI Yuantao2   

  1. 1. School of Chinese Language and Literature,University of International Business and Economics,Beijing 100029;
    2. Research Centre for Chinese Folklore,Classics and Characters,BNU,Beijing 100875,China
  • Received:2019-10-08 Online:2020-03-25 Published:2020-12-07

摘要: 考据的效度是指考据过程是否有效实现考据目标。字词考据中出现的种种问题,很多是因为对考据效度没有足够的理性认识。清代是小学考据的巅峰,藉由清人的考据实践,可以看到影响考据效度的诸多因素:发疑是考据的动因,关系到考据的价值;预设的准确性影响考据的方向;取证的准确性、适切性和充足性影响考据结论是否准确、论证是否透彻;释理沟通证据和结论,可为考据结论提供可能性和可行性支持;考据结构的完整与否则会影响考据结论的可信度。今人的字词考据,可在充分吸收历史经验的基础上,提高考据效度。

关键词: 训诂学, 考据, 清代笔记

Abstract: The validity of textual research refers to whether the process of textual analysis can effectively achieve the research objectives.Through the research practice in the Qing Dynasty (1644 C.D.-1912 C.D.),we can see many factors affecting the validity of textual research:doubt is the motivation of textual research,which is related to the research value;presupposed accuracy affects the direction of textual research;accuracy,appropriateness and adequacy of evidence collection affect the accuracy and thoroughness of the results;interpretation and communication of evidence and conclusions provide possibilities and feasibility expenses for the results;the integrity of the textual research structure affects the credibility of conclusions.By fully absorbing the historical experience,we can improve the validity of the textual research.

Key words: exegesis, textual research, notes in the Qing Dynasty

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