关键词: 士人群体, 科场书写, 中额递减, 清季停科

Abstract: The knowledge communities,discussing and suggesting the reform and abolition of civil examination during late Qing Dynasty,still included intellectuals who were being promoted through the examination channel.These candidates actively participate in the form of writing on the paper and didn't passively accept relevant government decrees as researchers usually thought.The abolition of examination is usually regarded as a reckless move,but actually there was a compact and advancing gradually evolutionary context if studying from the central reform of examination in Xinchou and governors' proposal of derating design on examination,to the introduction of derating design policy and the launch of central decision-making on abolition of examination about Jiachen.The intellectual group's writing not only objectively cooperated with the governors' proposal of derating design to take root and produce actual result,and its effect also continued after the abolition of examination and had the illocutionary use beyond examination that touched the political decision-making and social thought.

Key words: intellectual group, writing in civil examination hall, derating design on civil examination, abolishing civil examination during late Qing Dynasty