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北京师范大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (4): 76-84.

• 教育改革与发展研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国高中综合素质评价:困境解析与突破路径

郑勤华, 刘司卓   

  1. 北京师范大学 教育学部,北京 100875
  • 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-09-03
  • 作者简介:郑勤华,管理学博士,北京师范大学教育学部教授。
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“智能技术支持的学生综合评价方法和技术的创新研究”(1233200007)。

The Comprehensive Quality Evaluation in China's High Schools:An Analysis of Predicaments and the Paths to Breakthrough

ZHENG Qinhua, LIU Sizhuo   

  1. Faculty of Education, BNU, Beijing 100875, China
  • Online:2025-07-25 Published:2025-09-03

摘要: 我国高中综合素质评价作为新时代人才培养范式转型的重要制度尝试,历经多年探索已初步构建起多元主体参与的评价体系。然而,其在实际运行中暴露出诸多问题,未能充分发挥预期效能。究其原因,高中综合素质评价涉及的政府、学校、家庭、企业、高校等利益相关主体在互动中基于有限理性做出的策略抉择,导致体系陷入低效均衡僵局。科层传导下的目标耗散、选拔失灵下的激励断裂、市场嵌入下的路径锁定以及技术伦理下的信任危机,是构成这一困境的主要成因。为此,需以“正确处理规范有序与激发活力的关系”为指引,循三重路径突破当前困局:一是构建“科层—网络”架构,通过融合规范性与灵活性激发多元主体活力;二是完善“激励相容”机制,通过升学杠杆优化评价在选拔中的应用闭环;三是推进“技术向善”治理,通过目标协同与角色规范破解路径依赖。

关键词: 高中综合素质评价, 教育评价改革, 策略互动, 成本收益分析

Abstract: As a significant institutional endeavor in the transformation of talent cultivation paradigms in the new era,comprehensive quality evaluation in China's high schools has,over years of exploration,established a preliminary framework involving multiple stakeholders. However,its practical implementation has exposed persistent challenges,undermining its intended efficacy. This stems from the strategic choices by the key stakeholders—government,schools,families,enterprises,and universities—under bounded rationality during their strategic interactions,trapping the system in a low-efficiency equilibrium. These predicaments arise from goal dissipation under hierarchical transmission,incentive fractures due to selection failures,path lock-in induced by market embedding,and trust crises arising from technological ethics. To address these challenges,it is imperative to follow the guiding principle of “balancing normative order with vitality stimulation” and pursue a threefold path to break through the current impasse:first,constructing a “hierarchical-network” structure that integrates normativity and flexibility to unleash the vitality of diverse actors;second,refining an “incentive-compatible” mechanism by leveraging college admission processes to optimize the closed-loop application of evaluation in talent selection;and third,promoting “technology-for-good” governance through goal alignment and role standardization to mitigate path dependency.

Key words: high school comprehensive quality evaluation, education evaluation reform, strategic interaction, cost-benefit analysis

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