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北京师范大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (5): 128-134.

• 哲学反思 • 上一篇    下一篇

人工智能与人的智能

胡敏中, 王满林   

  1. 北京师范大学 价值与文化研究中心、哲学学院,北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-16 出版日期:2019-09-25 发布日期:2019-11-04

Artificial Intelligence and Human Intelligence

HU Minzhong, WANG Manlin   

  1. Center for Value and Culture Research,School of Philosophy,BNU,Beijing 100875,China
  • Received:2019-05-16 Online:2019-09-25 Published:2019-11-04

摘要: 人的能力可分为体能和智能,人的这两大能力都可以被工具替代、延伸和扩展,替代、延伸和扩展人的体力的工具可称为体能工具或人工体能,模拟、替代、延伸和扩展人的智力的工具可称为智能工具或人工智能。从人工体能到人工智能是工具发展的质的飞跃,它不断促进了人的解放和社会的进步。当今的人工智能只能模拟、替代、延伸和扩展人的部分智能,至于人的想象、情感、直觉、潜能、意会知识等个性化智能,人工智能只是试图涉足,还谈不上对它的模拟、替代、延伸和扩展。“人机大战”实质上是世界冠军同数百万世界围棋大师团队的对决。人工智能只是智能化的工具,不能完全替代人的智能,更不可能消灭人的智能,人工智能和人的智能在张力中相互促进,应该是人工智能和人的智能的发展前景。

关键词: 人工体能, 人工智能, 人的智能

Abstract: Human abilities can be divided into physical ability and intelligence,which can be replaced,extended and expanded by tools of artificial physical ability and artificial intelligence. The former refers to the tools for replacing,extending and expanding human physical ability,also called physical tools or artificial physical ability,while the latter to that for simulating,replacing,extending and expanding human intelligence,also called intelligence tools or artificial intelligence. The development from physical tools to intelligent tools is a qualitative leap,which constantly promotes human liberation and social progress. However,only part of human intelligence can be simulated,replaced,extended and expanded by AI (artificial intelligence). As for human intuition,potential and other personalized intelligence are an immature field for AI. The so-called “man-machine competition in the Go chess” is essentially a contest of one single human of world champion with the machine with experience of millions of Go masters worldwide. As an intelligent tool,artificial intelligence will not completely replace human intelligence,nor even eliminate human intelligence. Artificial intelligence and human intelligence promote each other in the tension of competition,which should be the prospect of artificial intelligence and human intelligence.

Key words: artificial physical power, artificial intelligence, human intelligence

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