Abstract: The old political structure and operating mechanism of Guangdong Province was destroyed by the revolution of 1911 in China, but it was difficult to establish the new government authority and power system even after a long period of time. In the 1920s, the “anarchic” power vacuum district gradually expanded from the provincial capital to the vast countryside, and the control was gradually weakened. Facing the shrinking financial capacity, Guangzhou government had no choice but to lift the ban on smoking opium and gambling, and as a result, had no power to control the gambling, theft, robbery and prostitution, which gradually corrupted the social decency. The old armies from the various provinces (including the “Allied Troops”) was so despotic that they set checkpoints to charging the passengers without authority, and numerous marginal groups of soldiers and bandits, or civilians and bandits gather all over the province. Confronting social anomie and the collapsing business ecology, Guangdong businessmen were awakened, and then managed to conduct self-relief, and gathered into the leading force of non-government society.

Key words: the 1924—1927 Revolution, non-government society, self-relief of the Guangdong businessmen