Abstract: Althusser's deconstruction on materialist dialectics is also the construction of his own thoughts. His deconstruction ideas are as follows. 1) The “negation of negation” is the pillar of Hegel's philosophy of history. Althusser believes that Marx establishes his science of philosophy after abandoning the “negation of negation”; 2) “Transformation of quantity into quality” is actually the transformation between “quality” and “quality”, namely, the transformation between different structures. Lack of recognition to the concept of “structure”, Hegel assumes that the accumulation of quantity causes the qualitative “leap”; 3) His contradiction theory of multiple decisions decouples “identity of opposites” from Hegel's contradiction theory. The essence of this view is to revive the vitality of multiple heterogeneous factors under a dominant structure and give birth to the “confrontation” theory which replaces the traditional concept of contradiction. After abolishing dialectics, Althusser creates a new kind of materialist dialectics based on “singularity”, that is, “dialectics of tendency”. Such “dialectics of tendency” takes the individual's freedom as the starting point and also as the goal, and it provides theory for constructing the new political form which guarantees people's liberation through realistic situation.

Key words: materialist dialectics, the negation of negation, transformation of quantity into quality, identity of opposites, “dialectics of tendency”, liberation politics