Abstract: In the course of human modernization,the relationship between the nationality of culture and its epochal character is not only the important problem in the study of cultural philosophy,but also an epochal subject faced by the Chinese nation as it gradually moves towards the centre of the global stage,and it is also an important perspective for understanding the connotation of Chinese modernization and The modern Chinese civilization as well as the relationship between them.On the one hand,Chinese modernization,which is the “old state and new destiny” of the Chinese nation,implies a major trend in world history:The term “modernization” is temporal and refers to the transformation of the “old” into the “new”.For the Chinese nation,the relationship between the “old”and the “new” is the important perspective of modernization.For the Communist Party of China,Chinese modernization is a great achievement of righteousness and innovation,and an organic combination of the “old state”and the “new destiny”.On the other hand,the modern civilization,which highlights cultural subjectivity,manifests the trend of national development:From a historical perspective,the modern civilization of the Chinese nation arose from the challenge of modernization.From the perspective of reality,the modern Chinese civilization manifests the principal role of Chinese nation.From the perspective of the future,the modern Chinese civilization is a new civilization formed on the basis of the practice of Chinese modernization.In a word,Chinese modernization and the modern Chinese civilization are a two-way empowering relationship:The Chinese modernization has given the Chinese civilization the power of modernity.The construction of the modern Chinese civilization has given Chinese modernization a distinctive national cultural imprint.They both have created a new form of human civilization.

Key words: Chinese modernization, the modern Chinese civilization, nationality, epochal character