Abstract: Based on the texts of special incentive policies from “Double First-Class” universities,this study constructs a two-dimensional analytical framework of “policy tools-policy content elements” to explore the application of special incentive policy tools and policy content elements in these universities.The findings indicate that the special incentive policies of “Double First-Class” universities tend to rely heavily on coercive policy tools,which are rigid and strong,while capacity-building policy tools are used less frequently,indicating a need for additional policy content development.The distribution of policy content elements is relatively balanced,with the objective and purpose providing overarching guidance to other policy content elements.The combination of policy content elements and policy tools exhibits diverse characteristics,but the appropriateness and scientificity of these combinations require further improvement.In view of this,universities should optimize the combination of policy toolsto leverage the synergistic effects of external incentives and endogenous development,clarify the policy objectives,achieve the deep coupling between the training characteristics of universities and national strategies,enhance the flexibility of the system,and build an inclusive training framework and differentiated evaluation indicators.

Key words: top-notch innovative talents, doctoral training, “double first-class” universities, special incentive policies