Since the founding of the People's Republic of China,the Communist Party of China (CPC) has been working hard to explore a modernization path with Chinese characteristics.Since the policy of reform and opening up,especially since the 18th National Congress of the CPC,Chinese-style modernization has been accelerated in the interaction between China and the world.Historical practice shows that the opening-up policy has played an important role in the process of Chinese-style modernization,reflecting China's experience in opening up to the outside world.In summary,it mainly includes:China has always insisted on establishing economic relations with other countries on the basis of equality;it has always maintained independent domestic economic policies,such as exchange rate policies,monetary policies,fiscal policies,trade policies,and industrial policies;it has always paid attention to various risk factors and coordinating opening-up and security in the process of opening up to the outside world.China's practice of opening up ensures that it always serves domestic economic growth and people's needs,and promotes better and faster development of Chinese-style modernization.In the process of opening up,China has always adhered to the development concept of extensive consultation,joint contribution and shared benefits,advocated the building of a community of shared future for mankind,and provided new enlightenment,new ideas and new choices for developing countries to promote modernization through the opening-up practice.

Belief is an important phenomenon in human society and a huge force in human spirit,and it has a significant impact on social life and historical development.Belief exists in both the diffuse and concentrated aspects of social life and social relations,as well as in the spiritual and cultural fields of society,forming the core and basis of values.Belief,as a bond,plays an important role in maintaining social stability and harmony.Belief,as an impetus,plays an important driving role in social movements and changes.Belief has an important function in shaping the times,making the era with faith a glorious one.And belief has an important function in cultivating civilization,playing an important role in the formation and rise of civilized forms.

Rethinking enlightenment from the perspective of philosophy means shifting from the absolute,rational,and perfect world to the modern world of reality,sensibility,passion,desire,and worldly interests.It requires us to reconceptualize and readjust the correlations between human and God or emperor,between rationality,intellectuality and sensibility,between universality,particularity and individuality,between unity,opposition and diversity,between good,justice and evil,and between actuality,alteration and action.It is through this adjustment and reconstruction that enlightenment dialectics came into being.There is an underlying question of how to critically touch on the agenda of nature,history and the transcendental ideals—which is essential to the dialectics of Enlightenment—denoted in Jacobi's concern of the negation of transcendence,rationality and subjectivity advocated by radical enlightenment and in Hegel's pursuit of an absolute perfected world via his rhetoric of negative dialectics.Different from the devaluation of nature in enlightenment tradition,Marx's enlightenment philosophy prioritizes nature and labor as the foundation of wealth while turning away from the rigid dichotomy between nature and freedom.The bourgeois enlightenment regards history as total darkness,while the proletariat dialectically treats the inheritance and innovation of history and fully affirms the historical significance of tradition.In view of the nihilization of ideals and beliefs caused by the denial of the transcendence dimension in the radical enlightenment,historical materialism no longer opposes nature and history,but reconstructs the transcendental dimension of the ideal on the basis of respect for nature and history.

Education is a key factor in promoting intergenerational mobility,reducing social inequality and achieving common prosperity.This paper analyzes the impact of compulsory education resource input on the intergenerational income mobility in China.The results show that:Compulsory education resource input has a significant positive impact on intergenerational income mobility,and the education resource input impact of primary school is greater than that of junior middle school;The input of compulsory education resource has a significant positive impact on the intergenerational income mobility of the groups with agricultural Hukou,but has no impact on the groups with non-agricultural Hukou.The positive impact on the intergenerational income mobility of the post-80s birth cohort is greater than that of the post-90s birth cohort;Compulsory education resource input can promote intergenerational income mobility by reducing the influence of parents' income on children's schooling years and non-agricultural employment opportunities.It is supposed to continue to increase the input of educational resources in compulsory education,especially in the primary schools,which will help promote intergenerational income mobility,improve educational opportunity equity and narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas.

Using macro-statistical information and household micro-survey data,this paper examines the overall situation and distribution characteristics of household education expenditure in rural China from 2000 to 2020,and tests the driving factors affecting rural household education expenditure by using the unconditional quantile regression method.The results find that,in the past 20 years,the level of education expenditure of rural households has been continuously increasing,and the proportion of household education expenditure to total household consumption expenditure has fluctuated between 5.9% and 9.4%.Compared with urban households,the education expenditure of rural households is lower,but the proportion of household consumption is higher.The difference of education expenditure among rural households is expanding over time,and the proportion of household education expenditure to family income is increasing by income.Family income and family structure are the main driving factors affecting the education expenditure of rural households,and the influence degree shows a trend change over time.This is shown in the fact that the elasticity of education expenditure is decreasing with the increase of expenditure level,and the family investment in pre-school education continues to increase.

The normalization of “double reduction” supervision is an important measure to promote the long-term implementation of “double reduction” policy,and it is also a key step for the construction of modern education governance system.With the requirements of mechanism reform of education supervision system and the normalization of “double reduction” supervision in the new era,a series of problems and challenges have arisen,such as unclear orientation,the absence of effect evaluation and monitoring content,a unitary participant,supervision experience bias,etc.It urgently needs to clear up the value orientation of “double reduction” supervision,and clarify the key issues such as who will supervise,what to supervise,and how to supervise.It is recommended that based on the goal of “burden reduction and efficiency increasing”,we should accurately retain the strategic position of “double reduction”,build supervision and evaluation index systems through hierarchical classification,actively explore mechanisms for governance by diversified entities,and make full use of ICT such as big data to promote the innovation of supervision methods,improve the accuracy and authority of supervision results,and ensure the normal operation of “double reduction” supervision.

Mental health monitoring is of great significance to the identification and promotion of mental health of children and adolescents,and is the focus of current education work in China.The mental health monitoring of children and adolescents started early and developed rapidly in the United States.In the 60 years from 1960 to now,it has gone through four stages:pre-monitoring stage,death and risk behavior monitoring stage,comprehensive mental health monitoring stage,and psychological neuroscience integration stage.Covering 11 monitoring projects,it has developed a more comprehensive monitoring framework.The monitoring framework contains rich indicators,which can be divided into two parts:mental health and the influencing factors of mental health.The mental health includes more than 60 indicators of mental disorders,emotional and behavioral problems,and positive mental health.The influencing factors of mental health include more than 50 kinds of risk and protective factors at individual,domestic,and social levels.At the same time,the monitoring tools are highly mature and the monitoring system is highly technological.The rich experience of the United States in this field provides good reference and inspiration for us China to improve the framework design over time,strengthen the depth and breadth of monitoring indicators and develop monitoring tools.

From the perspective of the survivors,the ideological and cultural transformation in the Ming and Qing Dynasties often shows the negative aspect of stagnation,rest or end.When we pay attention to those literati groups who entered the political and cultural center in the capital city (Beijing),we will see the ideological and cultural characteristics of continuity and creativity at the time of dynasty change.The literati in the capital of the early Qing Dynasty is an important but easily ignored literati group.These literati have the value pursuit of being proud of suffering,being high in elegance,and being happy in group.The transformation of their cultural thoughts shows a complex logic of both variation and continuity.Feeling disloyal,they developed a sense of remorse,and because of the change of dynasties,they had confused feelings,resulting in a style transition from sternness and repression to gentleness and generosity,as well as a value transition from abstract thinking to inheriting civilization.This,as a whole,shows a different feature from the late Ming Dynasty.In the historical narration,classic interpretation and aesthetic evaluation,they deepened the thinking on the subject's will and free choice,and continued the self-exploration of the thoughts of the late Ming Dynasty,thus reflecting the resilience of Chinese civilization from a different dimension.

The construction of poetic theories in the rear area during the China's Resistance War Against Japan generally consists of three paths—poets,scholars and revolutionaries.They intertwined to form their respective exemplary poetic theory models.Among them,Ai Qing,Zhu Guangqian and Huang Yaomian are particularly exemplary in this aspect.Under the influence of European modernist poetry,based on his own experience as poet,Ai Qing conveyed poetic issues such as the beauty of poetry,the image of poetry,the beauty of prose,the symbol and the association,and took the lead in constructing the poetic theory model of perceptual poetics by discussing the matter of poetry in terms of poems.With the aesthetic attitude as a scholar,Zhu Guangqian systematically explored the basic theoretical issues such as imagery,feeling and rhythm in the mutual evidence between China and the West,and constructed the poetic model of rational poetics by discussing the matter of poetry in terms of theories.Huang Yaomian,a revolutionary theorist who had been baptized in Marxism for a long time,discussed the matter of poetry in terms of epoch,paid attention to the issues such as the relationship between literature and politics and the “militancy” of poets,advocated the ideological function of the spiritual form of poetry and constructed the poetic model of political poetics through the intervention of reality.Between poetics and politics,these three patterns,theoretically echoing the New Criticism represented by William Empson,not only filled the vacancy of native poetic theory during the war,but also clearly highlighted the formation,evolution and internal and external reasons for the construction of poetic theory in the rear area during the China's Resistance War Against Japan.

In the early 1930s,reportage was introduced as a new literary weapon discovered by the international proletariat,reflecting the expectations of left-wing writers for the ideological transformation of this literary style.Ah Ying,Hu Feng,Mao Dun,and others regarded it as an emerging literary style beneficial to the revolutionary struggle of the proletariat,and evaluated its stylistic characteristics around basic issues such as its journalistic,literary,and tendentious nature.In the 1950s,due to the influence of the Soviet Union's “close-up”,the name of “reportage” changed for a time.Unlike the emphasis on criticism in the 1930s and 1940s,reportage in the 1950s and 1960s mainly emphasized praising advanced figures and deeds in a positive way.In the mid to late 1980s,a large number of reportage literature emerged,and they reflected social issues through a comprehensive approach of literature and social sciences,marking the maturity of the reportage style.People had a new understanding of the connotation,extension,and stylistic attribution of the concept of “reportage”.

There are two keys to interpreting the book Zhou-Li.One is the system of famous objects and the other is the style of writing.Intertextuality is a text construction method that runs through the whole book of Zhou Li and is applied between all text levels,with the significance of both rhetorical devices and structural style.This determines that a large number of sentences and chapters in Zhou-Li need to be read from the perspective of intertextuality,and its root cause is to deal with the repetition that may be caused by the phenomenon of “different officials participate in the same things” and “different affairs follow the same system”.The chapter of Taizai in the book involves more than 30 cases of intertextuality,most of which have not been covered by predecessors.It is enough to broaden our understanding of the connotation of the text of Zhou-Li,and it can also correct the misunderstandings and omissions made by mainstream scholars in the academic history,such as Zheng Xuan,Jia Gongyan,Sun Yirang,Yang Tianyu,etc.This research method will open up a new text world,thus providing a broader space for the study of Confucian classics and historiography.

In the literatures of the Tang and Song Dynasties,the records of the historical event of the first visit to Yangzhou by Emperor Yang Guang of the Sui Dynasty in the early years of Daye era (605-616) are too against common sense.Among them,the figure of tens of thousands of royal luxury pleasure boats,including dragon boats,manufactured in Yangzhou in just over five months,is more than ten times the annual shipbuilding capacity of the Northern Song Dynasty.The dragon boat is an extra-large pleasure boat (with many decks) and cannot be used as a long-distance shipping tool.Moreover,during the Sui and Tang Dynasties,the transportation route from Luoyang to Yangzhou,consisting of the Yellow River,Bianshui Canal,Huaihe River and Shanyangdu Canal,was impassable to giant boats at all.The record of Emperor Yang Guang's fleet of dragon boats originated from Du Bao's Daye Zaji.On the one hand,in ancient China,political scholars from later dynasties were accustomed to discrediting the previous emperors and exaggerating their extravagance and debauchery,especially towards the last monarchs.On the other hand,Daye Zaji is essentially a novel and cannot be used as a reliable historical resource.Sima Guang's Zizhi Tongjian with the aim of serving the monarchy of the Song Dynasty,extensively transcribing the absurd statements in Daye Zaji,thus causing these extremely glaring historical fallacies to spread for more than one thousand years.

With the rapid development of the digitization of ancient books,a large number of previously discontinued Chinese characters have been activated.The diversity of font styles,complex character relationships,and inconsistent encoding systems severely hinder the editing,preservation,presentation,conversion,retrieval,and in-depth utilization of ancient texts.The digitization,standardization,and normalization of texts are the starting points for the digitization of ancient books and the foundation for digital infrastructure construction and digital humanities research.Since modern times,three systematic changes in new and old font styles,formal and informal character forms,and character encoding have determined the fact that the construction of character sets and text databases can only be based on various national standards that have been issued.Chinese characters have been in a continuous process of unification and standardization,and the unification of script and writing is the mainstream trend of history.The creation of a unified character set and a standard text database is a new specification after “the unification of script and writing” since the Qin Dynasty.It is also a renewed resetting of the Chinese character system from engraving to handwriting,and then to the digital form.“The recreation of books and documents” facilitates the unified depiction,in-depth indexing,interactive integration,and multifunctional development of ancient book data,promotes the structural and knowledge systematization,platform intelligence,and drives the transformation and upgrading of the management and utilization of ancient books.

The period from the late Qing Dynasty to the early Republic of China is a period of dramatic changes in modern China.Different from official history documents,local records and genealogies,epitaph records history from a microscopic perspective,and is an important material for the study of personal history,family history and national history.From epitaph,it can be seen that in terms of marriage,women's age of marriage had gradually increased,and though the phenomenon of polygamy was more common,this was in the transition stage to monogamy.In terms of childbearing,the high birth rate and high mortality of babies coexist,and mothers experience the pain of childbirth.And in terms of children's education,mother's education is as strict as father's.While following the tradition,mother's education was also keeping abreast of the times,changing the way and content of raising children.Although women were more bound by family life than men,we can still clearly see that many of women were concerned about their families and country,and contributed to their families and society in their unique way.

The digital economy has given new impetus to high-quality development.For micro enterprises,digitalization is an all-round key transformation and upgrading which puts forward higher requirements for human capital,changes their management processes and modes,and affects the technical support of production and operation,all of which are important factors affecting labor productivity.Digitalization can empower enterprises to improve their labor productivity,and its realization mechanism is that enterprises' digital transformation can improve labor productivity by promoting the upgrading of human capital structure,improving enterprise management efficiency and enhancing enterprise innovation ability.The impact of digital transformation on enterprise labor productivity is heterogeneous,which is more obvious mainly in non-state-owned enterprises,technology-intensive and capital-intensive enterprises,and enterprises in regions with a low marketization degree.