Abstract: In the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, it is critically important to further liberate and increase productivity. As human resource is a fundamental source of productivity, a healthy population is a key mark of a prosperous and powerful China. The Central Party Committee under the leadership of Xi Jinping inherited and developed Marxism's thought of promoting people's all-aspect development and strengthening people's central role in the process of an overall modernization, and initiated a healthy China strategy which called for improving the national health policy so as to ensure the delivery of comprehensive lifecycle health services for Chinese people. The healthy China initiative also suggested a deepened reform of the medicine and healthcare system so as to establish distinctively Chinese systems for providing basic healthcare, medical insurance, and quality and efficient healthcare services with a sound modern hospital management system. This research thus puts forward a theory of “health productivity”, which is different from economic productivity in that the former reflects a people-centered value standard integrating both socialist productivity and value. It might be a major theoretic breakthrough for socialist modernization in the new era.

Key words: Xi Jinping's Thought on People's Health, health productivity, economic productivity, health care, common prosperity