Abstract: The concept of “the Chinese nation” is the core link of modern Chinese national identity.On the basis of LIANG Qichao's discussion of “the Chinese nation”,YANG Du,in his On Golden Iron Doctrine, clearly defines “the Chinese nation” as a cultural nation relying on the concept of a cultural nation inherent in Chinese society .In terms of national opinion,YANG Du is quite different from ZHANG Taiyan and LIU Shipei who hold the anti-Manchu revolutionary position,but it is quite beneficial to the development and improvement of China as a unified multi-ethnic country.The concept of the Chinese nation based on Chinese cultural identity shows strong vitality in the context of globalization today.

Key words: Chinese culture, concept of the Chinese nation, YANG Du, On Golden Iron Doctrine