The term “diffusion” might be more accurate than the term “dissemination“ in describing the Marxism dissemination in the early 20^th century in China.According to Everett Rogers,the interpersonal network is an important channel for information diffusion.Initiated at Zhejiang Official Secondary Normal School in late Qing Empire,this interpersonal network was reinforced through the New Culture Movement and May Fourth Movement in the 1910s and 1920s,and Marxism was spread within the network.After the First Revolutionary Civil War,the interpersonal network grew into the United Front in Cultural Work led by the Communist Party of China and its members transformed from Marxism thinkers into its disseminators.During this period of time,Marxism was effectively diffused and spread through networks to more diversified social classes,which avoided the possible political and economic risks in Marxism promotion,and meanwhile ensured its stability and sustainability.The diversified interpersonal networks in the League of Left-Wing Writers also made Marxism dissemination more effective and diverse as well.This research is expected to be thought-provoking for scholars in studying and understanding the characteristics of Marxism dissemination in its early stage in China.

This article logically analyzes the classical structural Gettier cases，famously known as ‘from false premises to obtain justified true belief via logic deduction’.Through a detailed formal analysis of several classical Gettier cases，it is concluded that during the process of applying a valid deductive inference，if what the premises express is strictly stronger than what the conclusion expresses，then there always exists a situation where at least one Gettier case happens.The fundamental reason under this result is the conservative property of deduction.

This paper introduces the theory of Gewirthian School which rose in 1980s in the United States and caught a significant attention in the West.In contrast to other moral theories,the normativity of Gewirth's morality is grounded neither on the concrete empirical goodness,such as happiness,nor on the conception(s) of good life or transcendental freedom;but it is rather grounded in the normative structure of our agency.By adopting so-called dialectic logic,Gewirth proposes an ultimate moral principle which is both formal and material.As such,his theory largely departs from Kantian moral philosophy,Utilitarianism,and virtue theory,which are characterized by formalism,calculation of utility and cultivation of character.

“The middle income trap” refers to an economic stagnation which might arise after middle income countries enter a certain stage of economic development.It caused a worldwide attention in international economic circle accompanied with an increasing number of researches and papers conducted or published since its inception in 2007.However,the analyses on the causes of the middle income trap were generalized in China. From a global perspective,it actually varies in different situations: some developing countries in fact did not fall into this trap,while some developing countries stride across this trap,but some developing countries unfortunately fell into this trap.The middle income trap is not only caused by the loss of the competitiveness in labor intensive industries in developing countries.It can be more likely caused by the undue upgrading of its industrial structure in developing countries.Although the industrial structure depends on the level of its economic development,the upgrading of industrial structure imposes important impacts on economic development.China is currently confronted with challenges from the middle income trap.It is highly suggested that China should promote advancement of science and technology so as to upgrade industrial structure timely to avoid the middle income trap.

In recent years,the major developed countries all over the world have launched many manufacturing strategies,in order to seize the commanding heights of the future competition.In a critical period of economic transformation and upgrading,only by accelerating the pace of industrial upgrading and enhancing the core competitiveness of the industry can China be able to remain invincible in the increasingly fierce international competition.The correct understanding of the factors,which is affecting the industrial upgrading,is of great significance in the process of making scientific and effective industrial upgrading strategies.To explore the combinative effects of several factors on industrial upgrading,we collected data samples from 22 countries and used the qualitative comparative analysis method(QCA) to analyze factors including brand advantage,technological innovation level,human capital,openness to the outside world and intellectual property system.The result shows that:①The comprehensive investment in four aspects including technological innovation,human capital,openness to the outside world and intellectual property system can effectively promote the process of industrial upgrading.②On the premise of weaker technological innovation and weaker human capital,the combination of measures,such as cultivating brand advantage,enhancing the degree of openness to the outside world and strengthening the construction of intellectual property system,has a positive effect on the process of a country's industrial upgrading.③The lower development of technological innovation and intellectual property system will become the constraints of a country's efforts to industrial upgrading.The conclusions indicate that:China should fully invest in these four aspects of scientific and technological innovation,the human capital supply,the openness to the outside world and the intellectual property system,so as to form a policy to make great progress in industrial upgrading.What's more,China should attach great importance to and make efforts to solve the problems restricting scientific and technological innovation Level and the intellectual property system.

“Post-Western Sociology” refers to the reconstruction of contemporary sociology in the context of globalization according to the new development experience of different countries.“Problem-oriented” Contemporary Chinese Sociology closely combines the sociological research with the solution to practical problems in economic and social development,provides a powerful knowledge support for the accumulation of “Chinese experience”,and is an important part of “Post-Western Sociology”.This article reviewed important studies of Chinese sociology since its restoration and reconstruction in early 1980s and concluded with five important topics(including social structure transformation,property right arrangement,enterprise & organization,social stratification and social capital) that will form dialogues between Contemporary Chinese Sociology and “Post-Western Sociology” which is expected to promote the internationality of Contemporary Chinese Sociology

There is growing evidence demonstrating that the adolescent NSSI (non-suicidal self-injury) can be explained by the interaction of gene and environment.Two main theoretical models have been proposed to describe G×Es: the diathesis-stress model stipulates that genetic vulnerability predisposes an individual to the development of a psychiatric disorder when exposed to adversity,while the differential-susceptibility model proposes that individuals vary in their susceptibility to environmental influences (both negative and positive).In order to get a better understanding of gene-environment interaction of NSSI,a multilevel analysis (genetic,neuro,trait,environment and NSSI) has been proposed in this review.Future research can be focus on the positive environment G×Es and adolscent study,as well as the underlying mechanisms of gene-environment interaction.